The University of Nebraska-Lincoln participants have a long history of conducting field measurements and modeling in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. They have successfully employed micrometeorological techniques to measure ecosystem-level carbon exchange, gas exchange techniques to quantify environmental influences on leaf-level physiology, and agrometeorological techniques to measure soil water balance in a variety of agricultural crops and grasslands. There are several ongoing and long-term collaborative research projects related to sustainable agriculture (e.g., conservation tillage, crop rotation, biofuel alternatives) in subhumid eastern and semi-arid western Nebraska. Improved crop and soil monitoring, and more efficient water application have been combined with irrigation decision making to optimize water use and protect water quality. The USDA-ARS Soil and Water Conservation research unit has provided national and international leadership in assessment of tillage, plant and animal residues, and cropping management effects on the quality of essential soil, water, and air resources. With the recent addition of faculty members, UNL, in collaboration with Colorado State and Montana State are leading an integrated analysis of the impacts of climate and land use on the potential for carbon sequestration and economic impacts across the Central and Southeastern U.S. agricultural and forest lands.